Institute for Legislative Analysis

Ritchie Torres

The "Ensuring Lasting Smiles Act" establishes a series of additional coverage mandates surrounding patient anomaly and birth defects (primarily oral treatments) that all public and private health insurers must include in all policy offerings. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as each and every health insurance mandate or price control on co-payments prevents individuals from having the ability to select a plan with just basic or customized coverages to fit their specific needs. As a result, health insurers are forced to only offer costly plans loaded with coverages that most individuals do not need. This can result in lower-income or younger individuals opting to purchase no insurance plan at all due to the high cost.

Establishing Additional Health Insurance Mandates Regarding Dental Birth Defects, which will Drive Up Rates and Make Healthcare Even Less Affordable.

The "Social Security Fairness Act of 2023" sponsored by Rep. Garret Graves (R-LA) eliminates two federal cost-control policies that barred employees with a public pension from then also collecting the full-level of benefits under the federal retirement program. The bill is estimated to increase taxpayer spending by $195.65 billion and shorten the window for insolvency of the Social Security Trust Fund by 6 months - triggering a 23 percent cut for all seniors in 2033. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill largely serves as a political ploy to gain favorability from federal workers and labor unions while worsening the unfunded liability crisis of Social Security. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Quickening the Insolvency of Social Security to Gain Political Favorability from Federal Workers and Labor Unions Through the "Social Security Fairness Act".

The "Safeguarding Tomorrow through Ongoing Risk Mitigation Technical Corrections Act" amends the STORM Act, requiring that state and local governments comply with the latest edition of building codes, which contains, among other things, stricter efficiency mandates and environmental regulations. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as additional red tape and complying with these "one size fits all" regulations are unnecessary to mitigating natural disaster risk and ultimately drive-up taxpayer costs while preventing program funding from being most effectively utilized.

Increasing Regulatory Burdens and Red Tape Under the Hazard Mitigation Revolving Loan Fund.

The "A Stronger Workforce for America Act" sponsored by Rep. Virginia Foxx (R-NC) would reauthorize the "Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) and approximately $6.4 billion in annual spending. The "WOIA is designed to help job seekers access employment, education, training, and support services to succeed in the labor market and to match employers with the skilled workers they need to compete in the global economy". Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of employers and non-profits within the private sector - not the government - to train employees working in the private sector. This bill continues to fuel wasteful spending and the central planning schemes of government bureaucrats which enrich select government-favored companies. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Forcing Taxpayers to Spend Billions to Subsidize the Job Training Costs of Government-Favored Businesses Through the "A Stronger Workforce for America Act".

The "Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act" sponsored by Rep. Claudia Tenney (R-NY) would strip U.S.-based organizations of their tax-exempt status if they are found to be materially supporting terrorist organizations, such as Hamas. Additionally, the bill prevents the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) from imposing penalties on taxes owed by Americans if during that time they were held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad. Support is the Limited Government Position as this measure helps prevent the abuse of the U.S. tax code and the funding of terrorism across the globe.

Revoking the Tax-Exempt Status of U.S. Based Organizations which Materially Support Terrorist Organizations such as Hamas.

The "Kissimmee River Wild and Scenic River Act" directs a study to add Florida's Kissimmee river to the Bureau of Land Management's Wild and Scenic River program, which currently manages over 2,700 miles of rivers. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this measure will shift costs from state taxpayers onto the residents of other states not benefited by the river while also further growing the federal government's management of land. The federal government already owns a staggering 28% of all land in the country, which has led to wildfires and countless other issues due to the Department of the Interior's inability to properly oversee and maintain such a massive amount of property.

Advancing Unsustainable Federal Land Management Through a Study to Add Florida's Kissimmee River to the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act.

The "Eliminating Barriers to Rural Internet Development Grant Eligibility (E-Bridge) Act" sponsored by Rep. Sam Graves (R-MO) would increase federal spending on broadband projects, particularly last-mile projects, which connect to homes and other buildings in "distressed communities". Specifically, the bill would make it easier to receive broadband grants from the Economic Development Administration (EDA) by allowing grant recipients to use in-kind donations, such as real property, to meet the cost sharing requirements. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the costs to provide broadband to select individuals should not be socialized onto federal taxpayers. Additionally, broadband infrastructure is no longer necessary due to new technologies such as Elon Musk's Starlink internet. Federal and state broadband subsidy schemes merely distort the free-market by providing competitive advantages, and enrich woke companies such as Comcast.

Fueling Wasteful Spending and Enriching Woke Companies Through the "Eliminating Barriers to Rural Internet Development Grant Eligibility (E-Bridge) Act".

The Rep. Elijah Crane (R-AZ) amendment #10 to the "Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024" strikes nearly $3 million in funding for the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, salaries, and expenses. According to the sponsor this entity should exist as a private independent think tank and that "funding goes towards functions such as gender equality, and there has even been a Gender Action Plan". Support is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of the private sector - not government - to determine the need and provide the necessary funding for this initiative. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $33 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Advancing Fiscal Responsibility by Striking Funding for an Unnecessary "Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe", which has Advanced a Politicized Gender Equality Agenda.

The Rep. Andy Biggs (R-AZ) amendment #4 to the "Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023" increases congressional oversight of regulations by applying the REINS Act to regulations with an economic impact of $50 million or more - it was previously just $100 million or more. Under the REINS Act, new rules imposed by federal agencies must be approved by Congress if they have an annual effect on the economy of more than $100 million or result in a major increase in costs or prices for consumers, among other conditions. Support is the Limited Government Position as this amendment strengthens the REINS Act, which provides a critical check on executive branch power. Federal agencies are comprised of countless unaccountable bureaucrats who have tremendous authority to impose regulations that directly impact the lives of Americans and the growth of the U.S. economy.

Strengthening the Check on Executive Branch Power by Requiring Congressional Approval for Regulations with Impacts of $50 Million or More (Previously $100 Million) Under the "REINS" Act.

The Rep. Chip Roy (R-TX) amendment #2 to the "Reforming Intelligence and Securing America Act" would require the FBI to report to Congress on a quarterly basis rather than an annual basis the number of U.S. person queries conducted under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). Additionally, the bill grants the chairs and ranking members of the Committees on Judiciary and Intelligence in the House and the Senate, the ability to go to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC). According to the sponsor, this measure is necessary "to just have more reporting and more understanding of what is happening in the FISC" considering that "we have before us real and obvious abuses-278,000 of those abuses, going after the American people". Support is the Limited Government Position as countless Americans have had their Fourth Amendment rights infringed through warrantless spying under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). This amendment helps protect civil liberties by strengthening government transparency and accountability.

Strengthening Government Transparency Under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Through Increased Congressional Oversight of the Program.

The "Active Shooter Alert Act of 2022" establishes a communication network, which proponents tout is similar to an amber alert, that will notify individuals of an active shooter. This new network will be overseen by a new division within the Department of Justice. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as such an initiative, if carried out, should be developed and strictly overseen by local officials accountable to the people. In recent years, the Department of Justice has been significantly criticized for carrying out its work in a politicized fashion and this system could be heavily abused to promote any potential shooting event or incident involving a firearm, thus serving as an activist tool for gun control.

Establishing a Politicized "Active Shooter Alert System" Under the Department of Justice with No Oversight to Ensure Proper Application.

The Kat Cammack (R-FL) amendment #4 to the "Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024" would eliminate all non-military funding in the Ukrainian aid package, amounting to a cut of $10.5 billion from the $61 billion bill. According to the sponsor, "this new spending, $60 billion, is designated as emergency spending, meaning it goes straight to our national debt, a national debt that grows every single second to the tune of $8 billion every single day". Support is the Limited Government Position as Americans cannot afford to continue to pour hundreds of billions into Ukraine - especially without proper safeguards to prevent corruption and waste. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Cutting $10.5 Billion in Wasteful Non-Military Spending within the Ukraine Aid Bill.

This resolution introduced by Rep. Andrew Clyde (R-GA) utilizes the Congressional Review Act (CRA) to nullify a rule issued by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives titled"Factoring Criteria for Firearms With Attached Stabilizing Braces". Under the rule, pistols with a stabilizing brace attachment would be reclassified as short-barreled rifles, and subject to additional regulations. Additionally, gun owners who fail to register their pistols with stabilizing braces with the ATF could face ten years in jail and hefty fines. Support is the Limited Government Position as James Madison and our nation's other founding fathers understood that the right to keep and bear arms is a crucial individual liberty and protects the citizenry against a tyrannical government. This measure weakens Second Amendment and privacy rights of law-abiding citizens while doing nothing to deter criminals from continuing to engage in unlawful behavior.

Strengthening Second Amendment Rights by Nullifying a Biden Administration Rule that Subjects Pistols with a Stabilizing Brace to Additional Regulations and Registration Mandates.

The Rep. Claudia Tenney (R-NY) amendment #163 to the "Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2025" prohibits funds from being used to enforce President Biden's Executive Order # 14019, "Promoting Access to Voting". According to the sponsor, the executive order empowers federal agencies to use taxpayer funds to implement or enter into agreements with partisan organizations that conduct voter mobilization activities. Support is the Limited Government Position as taxpayer resources should not be utilized to advance partisan politics. Such actions undermine our election process and democracy.

Safeguarding Democracy by Defunding Biden's Executive Order that Utilizes Taxpayer Resources to Advance Partisan Politics through Voter Mobilization Activities.

The Rep. Andy Biggs (R-AZ) amendment #33 to the "Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" restores funding for the National Agriculture Statistic Services to the fiscal year 2019 level. The $13 million in savings is directed to deficit reduction. Support is the Limited Government Position as this amendment represents a step in the right direction to restoring fiscal sanity. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $33 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Cutting Spending to 2019 Levels within the National Agriculture Statistic Services and Redirecting the $13 Million in Savings to Deficit Reduction.

The "Refrigerator Freedom Act" sponsored by Rep. Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA) places limits on the authority of the Department of Energy (DOE) to impose energy conservation standards for refrigerators and freezers unless DOE can prove the standards are economically justified and not likely to result in additional net costs to consumers. The bill is in response to DOE's own analysis that found the efficiency mandates of the Biden administration could increase the upfront costs on refrigerators and freezers by 25% and it could take consumers 10 years to payback the increased costs for a product that may only last 14-15 years. Support is the Limited Government Position as consumers within a free market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - should have the freedom to choose the type of dishwasher that best meets their needs. This measure serves as a step in the right direction to combatting government overreach which unnecessarily hikes consumer costs.

Protecting Consumer Choice through the "Refrigerator Freedom Act".

The Rep. Chip Roy (R-TX) amendment #126 to the "Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" prohibit any funds in the appropriations bill from being used to carry out "environmental justice activities". According to the sponsor, the amendment is in response to cases of employees engaging in environmental justice activities that overlap divisive racial ideology with radical environmentalism. Support is the Limited Government Position as this measure helps ensure taxpayer funds are not used to promote politicized agendas surrounding racial justice, climate change, and other extreme environmental beliefs. The implementation of environmental justice policy places significant harm on the U.S. economy and unnecessarily drives up costs for consumers.

Protecting Taxpayer Funds from being Utilized for Politicized "Environmental Justice Activities".

The Rep. Peter Stauber (R-MN) amendment #99 to the "Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" prohibits funds from being utilized for the Farm to School Network Racial Equity Learning Lab. The stated goal of the program is to teach participants to apply a ''racial equity lens'' to their work. According to the sponsor, the lab "seeks to inject critical race theory and identity politics into our educational institutions". Support is the Limited Government Position as taxpayers should not be forced to fund politicized initiatives surrounding racial equity or critical race theory. Such programs serve as an example of how out-of-control-spending is leading to waste within the bloated bureaucracies.

Defunding the Farm to School Network's Racial Equity Learning Lab, which Promotes Critical Race Theory.

The Rep. Josh Brecheen (R-OK) amendment #43 to the "Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" would eliminate the USDA rental assistance program, providing a savings of $1.6 billion. According to the sponsor, the program is 1 of 25 duplicative housing programs across the federal government. Support is the Limited Government Position as this amendment helps reduce duplicative spending and restore fiscal sanity. Rental assistance programs merely distort the market, ultimately bidding up prices and making housing even less affordable. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $33 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Eliminating a Duplicative Rental Assistance Welfare Program within the USDA to Provide $1.6 Billion in Savings to Taxpayers.

The Jayapal Amd. No. 5 to the "United States Innovation and Competition Act" requires the State Department coordinate with the Department of Energy to report on the impact of US sanctions related to innovation, emissions reduction, climate cooperation, and economic justice. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as foreign policy - especially the imposition of sanctions - are highly sensitive actions that have enormous impacts on global economic stability and United States national security. Such actions should not be further complicated through unnecessary, poorly defined, and politized requirements.

Placing Unnecessary Requirements Surrounding "Environmental Justice" in U.S. Sanctions and Foreign Policy Operations.

The "Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act" sponsored by Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-WI) would ban the social media platform TikTok, which is a subsidiary of Chinese-owned company ByteDance Ltd. The bill includes a provision which would allow TikTok to continue to operate if ByteDance sells the application to a company deemed acceptable by the President. According to the sponsor, this measure is necessary given the fact TikTok is owned by the Chinese and the potential for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to collect data on American users. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as while the potential for the CCP to collect data on Americans is concerning, TikTok has become a widely popular in America, with over 170 million monthly users. A TikTok ban across government platforms is reasonable considering national security, but ultimately it should be up to individual Americans to weigh the risks of TikTok and determine their usage - not politicians - absent a much more substantial threat to national security.

Imposing an Overreaching Ban on the Social Media Platform TikTok Through the "Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act".

The "Fight and Combat Rampant Iranian Missile Exports Act or the Fight CRIME Act", sponsored by Rep. Michael McCaul (R-TX),imposes sanctions on a wide range of activities supporting Iran's missile and drone program ahead of the October 2023 expiration of the UN missile ban on Iran. Support is the Limited Government Position as even with the existing UN sanctions, Iran's missiles and drones have targeted U.S. troops, allies, and partners across the Middle East. Iran is one of the top U.S. adversary nations and terminating these sanction programs would worsen the already significant national security challenges Iran has placed on the U.S. and its allies.

Ensuring National Security through the Continuation of Sanctions on Iran's Missile and Drone Program upon the Expiration of the UN Ban.

The "Hands Off Our Home Appliances Act" sponsored by Rep. Debbie Lesko (R-AZ) would make it more difficult for the Department of Energy (DOE) to impose energy conservation standards on home appliances, and easier to revoke current ones. For example, new energy conservation standards must be "technologically feasible and economically justified", while the DOE may revoke or amend an existing energy conservation standard if it finds the standard (1) results in additional costs to consumers, (2) do not result in significant conservation of energy or water, (3) are not technologically feasible, and (4) result in a product not being commercially available in the United States to all consumers. Support is the Limited Government Position as consumers within a free market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - should have the freedom to choose the type of home appliance that best meets their needs. This measure serves as a step in the right direction to combatting government overreach which unnecessarily hikes consumer costs.

Protecting Consumer Choice Through the "Hands Off Our Home Appliances Act".

The "Schools Not Shelters Act" sponsored by Rep. Marcus Molinaro (R-NY) prohibits K-12 schools, colleges, and universities that receive federal funding from being used as shelters to house illegal immigrants. The bill is in response to reports of school gymnasiums in New York City being utilized to house migrants. Support is the Limited Government Position as typically individuals allowed access into schools and around children is limited and often includes background checks. This measure is especially important considering these individuals, with some possibly having violent criminal records, have entered the country unlawfully and are now around vulnerable children. Lawmakers must take whatever actions are needed to secure the nation's borders and enforce immigration law.

Protecting Vulnerable Children from Potentially Dangerous Criminals by Preventing Illegal Immigrants from Being Housed in Public Schools.

The "National Construction Safety Team Enhancement Act of 2024" sponsored by Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-CA) would expand the size and regulatory authority of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and increase agency spending by $5 million annually. Currently, the NIST is authorized to investigate the structural failure of a building that has resulted in substantial loss of life or that had the significant potential to cause a substantial loss of life. Under the bill, NIST's authority is expanded to now also investigate structural failures other than those involving buildings and to recommend related improvements to engineering standards and practices. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of state and local authorities (who set and enforce building codes) to perform these duties - not the federal government. This bill which merely fuels out-of-control spending and grows federal bureaucratic power, while going against the principles of federalism as set forth by our Founding Fathers in the U.S. Constitution.

Fueling Out-of-Control Spending and Growing the Regulatory Power of Federal Bureaucrats Through the "National Construction Safety Team Enhancement Act".

The "Wastewater Infrastructure Pollution Prevention and Environmental Safety (WIPPES) Act" sponsored by Rep. Lisa McClain (R-MI) imposes a new mandate on private manufacturing companies that manufacture certain premoistened, nonwoven wipes (e.g., baby wipes, cleaning wipes, or personal care wipes). Under the bill, a manufacturer must label all such products clearly and conspicuously with the phrase Do Not Flush and accompanying symbol as depicted under specified industry guidelines. The bill is estimated to cost the FTC approximately $4 million to issue guidance and to monitor and enforce violations. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this measure unnecessarily increases taxpayer costs to further grow the size and scope of government to interfere in the private sector.

Growing the Size and Scope of Government to Impose New Mandates on Private Companies Concerning Labeling of Cleaning Wipes Through the "WIPPES Act".

The Rep. Scott Perry (R-PA) amendment #56 to the "Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025" requires the Secretary of Defense to report on the use of taxpayer-funded union time by DOD employees. The sponsor noted that "Congress granted certain employees the ability to perform certain tasks for labor unions while on duty. To be clear, that means that these employees are being paid by our constituents to work for union activities instead of doing the job that they were hired to perform". The sponsor highlighted a 2017 GAO report which found "346 employees spent 100 percent of their time on official union activities instead of taking care of our Nation's veterans" and a Trump administration report which found "3,235 DOD employees used official time in FY19 for a total of 526,990 hours at a cost of millions upon tens of millions of dollars, not to mention the equipment". Support is the Limited Government Position as this measure helps strengthen government transparency and accountability. Public sector unions not only unnecessarily hike taxpayer costs but also make it even more difficult to terminate poor-performing employees.

Strengthening Transparency over Public Sector Labor Unions by Requiring the DOD to Report on the Usage of Taxpayer Funded "Official Time".

The "Crucial Communism Teaching Act" sponsored by Rep. Maria Salazar (R-FL) directs the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation to develop a civic education curriculum and oral history resources for high school students to promote understanding of certain political ideologies (e.g., communism and totalitarianism) that conflict with principles of U.S. democracy. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of local school boards - not the federal government through favored non-profit entities - to develop curriculum and manage high school education. Note: Lawmakers who opposed the bill due to opposition to the specifics of the curriculum were also recorded as opposing the limited government position.

Growing Unnecessary Federal Spending and Competition with Non-Profits through the "Crucial Communism Teaching Act".

The "Right to Contraception Act" establishes within federal law a new right to use and obtain contraceptives. The bill is also expected to nullify conscience protections for healthcare providers and employers who object on moral grounds to providing contraception or sterilization services. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as using and purchasing contraceptives should be a choice of the individual, not something a religious employer should be forced to fund and provide, as this is a clear violation of the freedom of religion protection under the First Amendment.

Advancing Frivolous Litigation and Mandates on Employers by Establishing a "Right to Contraception."

This resolution introduced by Rep. Sam Graves (R-MO) utilizes the Congressional Review Act (CRA) to nullify the Environmental Protection Agency rule titled "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States'". This Biden administration rule overturned the reforms implemented by the Trump administration and provides the EPA with much more expansive regulatory authority than it was initially granted under the Obama administration. As a result, the EPA's regulatory authority includes not only rivers and wetlands, but ephemeral streams and ditches under the Clean Water Act. Support is the Limited Government Position as the Biden and Obama administrations granted the EPA carte-blanche authority to regulate practically any standing amount of water, which resulted in property rights being infringed and enormous additional costs for landowners.

Strengthening Property Rights by Overturning Biden Administration Regulations Providing the EPA Overreaching Authority under the Waters of the United States Rule.

The Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-WA) amendment #72 to the "Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2025" would prohibit funds from being used to create an "unfunded priorities list" or a wish list of things that individual commanders and generals would like to fund. According to the sponsor, "these wish lists are packed with billions of dollars of excessive line items, this year totaling more than $27.5 billion on top of the $850 billion requested by the White House and a 50 percent increase from last year." The sponsor also noted the lists "have not gone through the level of prioritization and vetting that all of the other things that come in the budget do" such as the White House Budget request where "the Commander in Chief, in consultation with top military brass, determines what is necessary to defend the country based on a holistic analysis of our national security needs". Support is the Limited Government Position as this fiscally responsible measure helps to significantly reduce waste, fraud and abuse of taxpayer funds from a practice not performed in any other government agency. According to the National Priorities Project, the average taxpayer spent a staggering $1,748 subsidizing Pentagon contractors. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Waste, Fraud and Abuse of Taxpayer Funds by Eliminating the "Unfunded Priorities List" - A Budget Scheme Only Deployed within the Department of Defense.

The Jones amendment #247 to the "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023" prohibits the Department of Defense (DOD) from contracting with any company that has engaged in anti-union activity within the last three years as broadly defined by the National Labor Relations Board. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill ultimately restricts competition within the contracting and procurement process, which unnecessarily drives up taxpayer costs. Additionally, the amendment establishes a blanket prohibition restricting the DOD from considering the severity or the circumstances around the situation, thus prohibiting contracting for mere paperwork violations.

Driving Up Taxpayer Procurement Costs by Preventing the Department of Defense from Contracting with any Private Company that has Engaged in "Anti-Union Activity".

The "Stop Institutional Child Abuse Act" sponsored by Sen. Jeff Merkley (D-OR) would require the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to contract with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (a private non-profit entity) to study and make recommendations about various aspects of youth residential programs. This includes the publishing of various studies, educational training resources and risk assessment tools. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as while actions should be taken to combat institutional child abuse, such work should be performed at the state and local level - not by the federal government. Additionally, this bill enriches a government-favored non-profit and creation of one-size-fits all materials as opposed to locally driven solutions.

Growing the Role of the Federal Government and Enriching a Select Non-Profit through the "Stop Institutional Child Abuse Act".

The Rep. Diana Harshbarger (R-TN) amendment #63 to the "Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2024" prohibits funding for the White House Gender Policy Council. According to the sponsor, the entity is promoting a "woke DEI agenda" and is "pro-abortion and pro-transgender". Support is the Limited Government Position as taxpayer funds should not be utilized to push politized initiatives or for an entity that does not perform a core function of government.

Eliminating Funding for the White House Gender Policy Council, which Promotes DEI, Transgenderism, and Abortion.

The "National Telecommunications and Information Administration Reauthorization (NTIA) Act of 2023", sponsored by Bob Latta (R-OH) would be the first reauthorization of the NTIA since 1992, and significantly expand the size and scope of the agency. The 108-page package also includes provisions from multiple other bills including the "Plan for Broadband Act" and "Open RAN Outreach Act". The NTIA is currently administering the $42.45 billion "Broadband Equity Access and Deployment Program" which expands high-speed internet access in unserved and underserved areas. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further expands the size and scope of government, including in broadband - an industry the federal government should not have involvement. Considering the enormous advancements in satellite internet (most notably Starlink), lawmakers should rescind the tens of billions of dollars provided under the infrastructure bill. These broadband funds have largely been used to enrich woke telecom companies such as Comcast.

Fueling Out-of-Control Government Growth and Spending Through the Reauthorization of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA).

The Rep. Joaquin Castro (R-TX) amendment #51 to the "Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2024" prohibits Federal Homeland Security funding from being diverted for Operation Lone Star. This border security operation was launched by Texas Governor Greg Abbott as a way to reduce the number of illegal crossings from Mexico into Texas. Operation Lone Star is jointly run by the Texas Department of Public Safety and the Texas Military Department and includes deployment thousands of police officers and soldiers and miles of barriers. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as ensuring public safety and national defense is arguably the most important role of government. Failure to secure our nation's border not only has catastrophic implications on the ability to maintain law and order, but also creates countless other issues, ranging from welfare to the education system.

Weakening an Open Border Immigration System by Defunding the Texas "Operation Lone Star" Border Security Operation, Which Includes Thousands of Police Officers and Miles of Barriers.

The Rep. Andy Biggs (R-AZ) amendment #69 to the "Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" cuts funding for the student financial assistance account by $9.25 billion. The underlying bill funds the account at a level of $22 billion for FY 2024. This funding is in addition to both the direct subsidies received by colleges and the significant levels of subsidies and student aid provided by state governments. Support is the Limited Government Position as individuals who elect to not attend college and pursue career paths, such as the trades or starting a business, should not be forced to pay the tuition costs of other individuals. This, and other wealth redistribution schemes like student loan forgiveness, merely hike costs, as confirmed by a 2017 study from the Federal Reserve, which found the average tuition increase associated with expansion of student loans is as much as 60 cents per dollar. The enormous amount of government funding that has been channeled to colleges and universities has resulted in the creation of gigantic unaccountable bureaucracies that push radical left agendas and discriminate against.

Reducing Wealth Redistribution through a $9.25 Billion Cut in Appropriations to the Higher Education Student Financial Assistance Account

The Rep. Josh Brecheen (R-OK) amendment #30 to the "Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" cuts spending by $19.7 million at the Department of Housing and Urban Development's by reducing the "fair housing activities" appropriation amount back to the fiscal year 2019 level. According to the Congressional Research Service, only three to five percent of fair housing complaints lead to a formal charge, and between zero to one percent of complaints lead to a referral to the Department of Justice. Support is the Limited Government Position as the vast majority of complaints directed to the fair housing division represent frivolous allegations and are primarily designed to harass landlords, which will ultimately drive up rental costs. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $33 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Wasteful Spending by Lowering Funding for HUD "Fair Housing Activities" to 2019 Levels.

The Rep. Lauren Boebert (R-CO) amendment #20 to the "Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2025" reduces the salary of the Bureau of Land Management Director Tracy Stone-Manning to $1. According to the sponsor, "Stone-Manning is a terrorist, and her terrorist booby traps still threaten the lives of foresters and firefighters to this very day". The sponsor also noted Stone-Manning's radical anti-energy activism, engagement in ecoterrorism, failure to carry out laws, and prioritization of climate initiatives and public land grabs over domestic energy production". Support is the Limited Government Position as Stone-Manning has a track record of clearly prioritizing the advancement of a radical progressive environmental agenda over carrying out the proper duties of her role as Director at BLM.

Holding the Director of the Bureau of Land Management Tracy Stone-Manning Accountable for Engagement in "Ecoterrorism" by Cutting her Salary to $1.

The "Consequences for Social Security Fraud Act" sponsored by Rep. Tom McClintock (R-CA) would prevent illegal immigrants who have committed Social Security fraud or identification document fraud from entering the U.S. and automatically deports illegal immigrants who have engaged in such fraud within the United States. According to the sponsor, "the current process for holding aliens accountable for Social Security fraud and identification document fraud is bureaucratized to the point of absurdity. In one case, an alien trafficking in phony identification documents was placed in removal proceedings in 2005, with the lengthy appeals process not concluding until 2013." Support is the Limited Government Position as ensuring public safety and national defense is arguably the most important role of government. Failure to secure our nation's border and deport those residing in the country unlawfully not only has catastrophic implications on the ability to maintain law and order, but also creates countless other issues, ranging from welfare to the education system.

Strengthening Public Safety by Deny Entry and Deporting Illegal Immigrants who Committed Social Security or ID Fraud through the "Consequences for Social Security Fraud Act".

The Rep. Scott Perry (R-PA) amendment #54 to the "Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2025" strikes the $3.45 billion of international disaster assistance funding provided in the bill. According to the sponsor, the State Department and international organizations funded through this bill "have time and time again advanced and sent American tax dollars to causes that run counter to American values and our foreign policy objectives" and "taxpayers that can barely afford their own bills, their own electricity bills, food bills, and daycare bills". Support is the Limited Government Position as other countries in the United Nations have failed to contribute their fair share of global support and the United States is not in the position to maintain its foreign aid spending when congress is running a budget deficit of nearly $2 trillion. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Placing America First by Cutting $3.45 Billion in International Disaster Assistance within the Dept. of State Appropriations Bill.

The Rep. Mike Turner (R-OH) amendment #6 to the "Reforming Intelligence and Securing America Act" would modify the definition of "electronic communication service provider" under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). While Section 702 prohibits the NSA and FBI from "intentionally" targeting Americans through its mass surveillance, these agencies acquire a huge amount of innocent Americans' communications "incidentally." These agencies can then conduct backdoor, warrantless searches of these "incidentally collected" communications. This amendment would significantly expand the application of Section 702 and warrantless surveillance by now requiring a whole new class of businesses and other entities to take part in FISA. For example, entities such as hotels, libraries, and coffee shops could now serve as surrogates for the spying if customers within the establishments are connected to the Wi-Fi equipment and engaged in international communications. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this amendment merely further worsens the underlying bill and violates the protections provided to Americans against unreasonable searches and seizures under the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

Weakening Civil Liberties by Expanding Warrantless Surveillance Under Section 702 of FISA to Encompass a Greater Number of Americans and Business Entities.

The Rep. Brad Sherman (D-CA) amendment #5 to the "Expanding Access to Capital Act of 2023" would weaken the underlying bill's regulatory relief and the provision redefining the definition of "qualified investor" which allows more individuals to invest in private markets. Under this amendment, an individual could now only invest 5 percent of their net worth on any one private offering, and no more than 25 percent of their net worth (excluding their primary residence) on all such private offerings. According to the sponsor, the amendment "gives us a better definition of those who can afford the risks and the risk of liquidity that comes with these private investments". Oppose is the Limited Government Position as individuals - not politicians - should have the right to set their own risk tolerances and determine how to invest their earnings. This amendment weakens individual liberties and the ability of everyday Americans to grow their wealth through investment.

Weaking Individual Liberties Through Government-Imposed Limits on Investment Risk by Amending the "Expanding Access to Capital Act".

The "Emergency Medical Services for Children Reauthorization Act of 2024" sponsored by Rep. Buddy Carter (R-GA) reauthorizes through FY2029 the Emergency Medical Services for Children State Partnership Program, which is administered by the Health Resources and Services Administration. This program awards grants to state governments and medical schools for a range of initiatives surrounding emergency medical services that pertain to children. Examples include pediatric readiness plans, education programs, cultural competency, and specialized equipment. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of local government entities and private healthcare institutions to plan and fund the healthcare services provided within their communities. The funding of these duties is not the proper role of the federal government, plus merely creates bureaucratic waste and inefficiencies in the distribution of taxpayer funds.

Furthering Federal Government Waste and Inefficiency Through the "Emergency Medical Services for Children Reauthorization Act".

The Rep. Tim Burchett (R-TN) amendment #67 to the "Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024" prohibits funding within the bill from being utilized for the Special Presidential Envoy for Climate. The envoy has been led by former U.S. Senator, Secretary of State, and presidential candidate John Kerry. According to the sponsor, "Kerry uses his position in this special envoy to fly around the world in private and heavy-polluting jets so he can attend the coronation of King Charles III on the taxpayers' dime" and "has stated the American people would need to contribute trillions of dollars to fix the climate". Support is the Limited Government Position as John Kerry and his envoy are pushing a radical politicized environmental agenda, which, if implemented, would devastate the U.S. economy. Such politicized initiatives should not be funded by taxpayers.

Defunding the "Special Presidential Envoy for Climate" led by John Kerry, which Advances a Radical Left-wing Environmental Agenda.

The "Puerto Rico Status Act" requires a plebiscite (binding vote on Congress) to be held on November 5, 2023, which would offer Puerto Rico voters a choice of independence, sovereignty in free association with the United States, or statehood. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as not only does this measure serve as a political tool to grow power of select parties in the U.S. but it also burdens taxpayers with enormous new financial liabilities as more than 40 percent of the population lives in poverty and the territory continues to struggle with debt.

Placing Enormous New Financial Liabilities on the U.S. Through a Politicized Effort to Advance Puerto Rico Statehood.

The Tlaib Amendment #259 to the "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023" eliminates the statutory requirement that the U.S. hold a minimum of 400 nuclear Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs). Oppose is the Limited Government Position as protecting the nation from foreign adversaries and maintaining a strong military is one of - if not the most - essential roles of government. Adapting the philosophy of "Peace Through Strength" ensures the United States has the most technologically advanced weapons in the world, which is a critical component of avoiding costly and deadly conflict.

Weakening National Security by Reducing the Number of Nuclear ICB Missiles Held by the United States.

The "Autism CARES Act of 2024" sponsored by Rep. Chris Smith (R-NJ) increases spending on federal autism programs by $279 million and authorizes $2.1 billion in total spending over the next five years. Much of the spending is directed towards research at the National Institute for Health (NIH). This includes expanding the number of centers of excellence dedicated to autism from five to seven, with the new centers focusing on behavioral support needs and "health equity issues". Oppose is the Limited Government Position as our society faces many health challenges well deserving of research including Alzheimer's, cancer, heart disease and countless other chronic conditions. Unfortunately, our nation is not in a fiscal position to hike spending at the enormous levels contained in this bill, especially on wasteful and politicized initiatives such as "health equity". Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $35 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the $200 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Hiking Spending by $279 Million - Including on Politicized Initiatives such as "Health Equity" - via the "Autism Cares Act".

The "Postal Service Reform Act of 2022" repeals a key fiscal safeguard implemented in 2006 which requires the United States Postal Service to prepay future retirement health benefits (i.e. "pay as you go"), thus now allowing USPS to further grow the over $60 billion in unfunded liabilities on its books. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the repeal of this essential safeguard will result in even less fiscal accountability at the agency and further balloon the already enormous amount of unfunded liabilities, which will ultimately become the responsibility of taxpayers.

Eliminating a Key Fiscal Safeguard within the U.S. Postal Service Resulting in $60 Billion in Unfunded Liabilities being Placed on Taxpayers.

The Rep. Frank Lucas (R-OK) amendment #3 to the "Expanding Access to Capital Act of 2023" would revise federal securities laws to allow 403(b) retirement plans (offered by public schools and certain non-profits) to invest in collective investment trusts (CITs) and insurance contracts, just like can be done with other retirement plans like 401(k)s. According to the sponsor, the reform is needed considering over the past decade "401(k) plan assets increased by 88 percent, government 457(b) plans increased by 82 percent, but total assets in 403(b) plans only increased by 46 percent". Support is the Limited Government Position as this measure reduces overreaching regulatory barriers imposed by government, thus providing greater investment opportunities.

Expanding Investment Opportunities by Reforming Regulations on "403(b) Retirement Plans" by Amending the "Expanding Access to Capital Act".

The Keating amendment #273 to the "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023" requires the State Department to establish and staff Climate Change Officer positions posted at U.S. embassies, consulates, or diplomatic missions to provide climate change mitigation expertise. Additionally, the Department must develop curriculum at the Foreign Service Institute to provide employees with specialized climate change training. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this amendment imposes significant additional costs onto taxpayers and further grows bureaucracy at the State Department. This additional red tape, such as the new curriculum mandate, may restrict the ability of employees within the department from receiving other training in fields that are more applicable to their job.

Growing Bureaucracy and Taxpayer Costs by Requiring the State Department to Post a "Climate Change Officer" at Embassies, Consulates, and on Diplomatic Missions.

The Rep. Tim Burchett (R-TN) amendment #9 to the "Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2025" would restrict funds at the Department of State from being used to finalize any rules or regulations with an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more. The sponsor noted that "Biden's State Department is pursuing radical climate initiatives abroad" and we "should not allow unelected bureaucrats to impose regulatory costs behind closed doors". Support is the Limited Government Position as regulations with any substantial impact on the U.S. economy should be imposed by Congress, not unaccountable bureaucrats. This amendment is especially necessary to prevent the implementation of "America Last" policies which enrich other countries at the expense of American taxpayers and businesses.

Preventing "America Last" Foreign Policies by Denying Authorization of Any Department of State Rule with An Economic Impact Above $100 Million without Congressional Approval.

The "Equal Representation Act" sponsored by Chuck Edwards (R-NC) would require any questionnaire used in the decennial census to include a checkbox or other similar option for respondents to indicate whether the respondent and each household member is a U.S. citizen. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill helps ensure federal funds are fairly and accurately distributed as well as strengthens democracy by ensuring each state receives the proper level of representation in the electoral process.

Protecting Democracy and Ensuring an Accurate Census by Requiring Respondents to Indicate whether Each Household Member is a U.S. Citizen on the Questionnaire.

The "Supreme Court Police Parity Act of 2022" provides the Supreme Court Police Marshall the authority to protect any immediate family member of one of the nine justices on the Supreme Court. Support is the Limited Government Position as one of the essential roles of government is ensuring an environment of law and order. Just like the Executive and Legislative branches of government, the legitimacy of the Judiciary must be protected by ensuring judicial rulings are not swayed due to fears of threats or violence against Justices or their families.

Protecting the Legitimacy of the Supreme Court by Ensuring Police Protection for the Immediate Families of the Nine Justices.

The Rep. Matt Rosendale (R-MT) amendment #58 to the "Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024" reduces the total appropriation for the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies by $1.55 billion, bringing the total cost of the bill down from $58 billion to $56.4 billion. According to the sponsor, the bill contains multiple wasteful spending provisions, such as $1.2 billion for the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Support is the Limited Government Position as this appropriations package is chock full of wasteful initiatives that do not align with the core duties and function of government. Lawmakers must rein in the out-of-control spending and $33 trillion in national debt, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Increasing Fiscal Responsibility through a 2.8% Cut in Appropriations to the Departments of Interior and Environment.

The "America Creating Opportunities for Manufacturing, Pre-Eminence in Technology, and Economic Strength (COMPETES) Act of 2022" as passed by the House on February 4, 2022, authorizes over $318 billion in new spending, including $95 billion in subsidies to semiconductor companies and various other manufacturing entities, $78 billion to the National Science Foundation, and $8 billion for the Green Climate Fund. Furthermore, the bill contains numerous trade-related provisions, such as boosting Trade Adjustment Assistance and subjecting significantly more goods to tariffs by restricting application of the "deminimis" provision, which exempts imports valued under $800 from duties. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as much of this spending merely serves as corporate welfare and is unnecessary, especially at a time when the U.S. national debt has exceeded $30 trillion and congress is running a budget deficit of $1.4 trillion. Furthermore, the bill's protectionist trade policies will drive up consumer costs and inflict significant financial harm onto countless small businesses, which import materials from overseas, and ultimately make American companies less competitive.

Advancing the "COMPETES ACT" with $318 Billion in Wasteful Spending and Protectionist Trade Policies that Unnecessarily Hike Consumer Costs.

The "Fort San Gerónimo Preservation Act", introduced by Delegate Jenniffer González-Colón (Puerto Rico), establishes Fort San Gerónimo del Boquerón in San Juan, Puerto Rico as an affiliated area of the National Park System.Under the bill, the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture is made the management entity of the area, with the National Park Service (NPS) providing technical and financial assistance to the institute to assist with marketing, interpretation, and preservation efforts. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further grows the size and spending of the National Park Service at a time when our nation has $33 trillion in national debt and has over $185 trillion in unfunded federal liabilities. Lawmakers must shrink, not expand, the operations of the NPS - especially in regions that are not parts of the United States.

Further Growing the Size and Spending of the National Park Service by Making a Fort in Puerto Rico a New Affiliated Area.

The "Protecting Our Kids Act" is composed of eight separate gun control measures packaged together. Among other things, the bill bans "high capacity" ammunition magazines, places several mandates on how firearms may be stored, and makes it illegal for individuals to build their own firearms or "ghost guns" without serial numbers. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these "one-size-fits-all" mandates - especially those surrounding firearm storage - harm the ability of law-abiding individuals to defend themselves and weaken their Second Amendment rights while ultimately doing little, if anything, to deter criminals from continuing to engage in unlawful behavior.

Weakening Second Amendment Rights Through Multiple Overreaching Bans and Mandates Concerning Ammunition Magazines, Firearm Storage, and Home-crafted Firearms.

Year
2024	2.02	0.00	5.66	28.38	26.32
2023	0.00	20.00	5.26	28.57	20.00
2022	0.00	0.00	6.67	0.00	0.00

Year	Score	Role	Party	Dist.
2024	9.52	Rep	D	15
2023	6.50	Rep	D	15
2022	1.27	Rep	D	15

Ritchie Torres

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