Institute for Legislative Analysis

David Northrup

The Hornok amendment #H2048 to the appropriations bill. This amendment eliminates the $15 million appropriated to the Wyoming Innovation Partnership, which aims to better align Wyoming's economic development agenda by increasing collaborations between state entities and ultimately local partners. Support is the Limited Government Position as the free-market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - is the best mechanism to ensure resources are invested in the most impactful initiatives that have the greatest returns for the state's economy. Taxpayers should not be forced to fund wasteful and unnecessary initiatives which do not pertain to the core functions of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Wasteful Spending and Government Central Planning by Eliminating $15 Million in Funding for the Wyoming Innovation Partnership Economic Development Program.

The Ward amendment #H2068 to the appropriations bill. This amendment eliminates the over $96 million appropriated to the Wyoming Business Council, which "focuses on identifying problems and breaking down barriers obstructing a more resilient economy." Support is the Limited Government Position as the free-market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - is the best mechanism to ensure resources are invested in the most impactful initiatives that have the greatest returns for the state's economy. Taxpayers should not be forced to fund wasteful and unnecessary initiatives which do not pertain to the core functions of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Wasteful Spending and Government Central Planning by Eliminating Over $96 Million in Funding for the Wyoming Business Council.

The Crago amendment #H3010 to the appropriations bill. This amendment adds language to an earlier amendment which prohibits funds appropriated to the Department of Health from being used for gender transition, gender reassignment, or abortion procedures. The Crago amendment adds additional exceptions to the prohibition on using appropriated funds for abortions by providing that it does not include abortions to prevent death or "serious and permanent impairment of a life-sustaining organ" of the woman, or abortion for pregnancy caused by incest or sexual assault. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this amendment creates a loophole in the prohibition of appropriated funds being used for abortions. Taxpayers, many of whom are opposed to abortion on religious grounds, should not be forced to fund abortion.

Forcing Taxpayers to Fund Abortion by Expanding Exceptions to the Prohibition on Funds Appropriated to the Department of Health from Being Used to Fund Abortion.

The Chestek amendment #H3013 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates an additional $1.15 million in state funds to the Department of Family Services for administrative costs of expanding the Child Nutrition Program (i.e., free school lunch) to provide funds during the summer months when school is out. The new spending will unlock additional funds under the federal Child Nutrition Program. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this measure further grows government dependency, which oftentimes leads to intergenerational poverty. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Growing Government Dependency and Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Expanding Child Nutrition Benefits.

The Allemand amendment #H3016 to the appropriations bill. This amendment cuts the appropriation to the Wyoming Tourism Board by $1 million by reducing funding for purposes of planning and providing grants for initiatives recognizing the two hundred fiftieth anniversary of the declaration of independence. Support is the Limited Government Position as the private sector is best equipped to handle festivities. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Wasteful Spending Outside the Proper Scope of Government by Cutting $1 Million in Tourism Board Funding.

The Ward amendment #H3019.02 to the appropriations bill. This amendment prohibits the University of Wyoming from using any of the $37 million appropriated in "Endowments and Matching" funds for the Office of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion. The funds also may not be used "on any diversity, equity and inclusion program, activity or function." Support is the Limited Government Position as taxpayers should not be forced to fund advanced degrees for select individuals who decide to pursue higher education in the first place, let alone fund politicized activities. This bill serves as a step in the right direction to protecting taxpayers and reducing politicalization at state colleges and universities.

Protecting Taxpayer Funds from Being Utilized for Politicized "Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion" (DEI) Programs at the University of Wyoming.

The Smith amendment #H3022 to the appropriations bill. This amendment reduces the appropriation to the Wyoming Business Council for the Investment Ready Commission by $29 million (over 57% of the total appropriation). Support is the Limited Government Position as, while lawmakers should eliminate the Wyoming Business Council completely, this amendment is a step in right direction toward reducing corporate welfare and cronyism. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Cronyism and Corporate Welfare by Cutting the Appropriation to the Wyoming Business Council by $29 Million.

The Heiner amendment #H3037 to the appropriations bill. This amendment eliminates the section appropriating over $9.3 million to provide matching funds for gifts to community colleges. Support is the Limited Government Position as it is a role for taxpayers to fund K-12 education - not advanced degrees for select individuals who decide to pursue higher education. This bill serves as a step in the right direction to protecting taxpayers and reducing politicalization at state colleges and universities. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Out-Of-Control Spending by Eliminating Over $9.3 Million in Additional Funding for Community Colleges.

The Berger amendment #H3043 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates $1 million to the Wyoming Business Council for grants to local governments for major maintenance or water and sewer infrastructure development of public rodeo arenas or public fairgrounds. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as local governments (in conjunction with the owners of rodeos and fairgrounds) should be the ones responsible for these costs. Taxpayers in urban areas should not be forced to subsidize the amenities of individuals who choose to locate in rural or other portions of the state. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Appropriating $1 Million for Unnecessary Rodeo and Fairground Maintenance and Infrastructure Projects.

The Hornok amendment #H3046 to the appropriations bill. This amendment reduces the appropriation for matching funds for large energy projects by $100 million (50%). This includes projects such as carbon capture, hydrogen production, and wind and solar energy. Additionally, the amendment requires legislative approval before funds may be provided. Support is the Limited Government Position as, not only should taxpayers not be forced to subsidize energy projects, this measure helps protect against boondoggles by requiring legislative approval. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Reducing Out-Of-Control Spending by Cutting  Funding for Large Energy Projects by $100 Million and Requiring Legislative Approval of Usage.

The Hornok amendment #H3068 to the appropriations bill. This amendment eliminates language in the bill which appropriates $3.4 million to pay a portion of state employees' retirement contributions. Support is the Limited Government Position as these costs should not be shifted onto taxpayers. The only time the employer share (taxpayer share) should be increased is for efforts to reduce unfunded liabilities within a state pension system - which should be done in conjunction with increased employee contributions.

Protecting Taxpayers from Being Forced to Fund a Larger Share of State Employee Retirement Contributions.

This bill provides a 50% property tax exemption to individuals who are 65 or older and have paid property taxes in the state for at least 25 years. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as, while the intent of this bill is noble, all state and local tax codes should be constructed in a broadly applied manner with the lowest rates possible for everyone. Providing a property tax exemption for one set of individuals inevitably results in tax burdens being shifted to other property owners not favored by government, including taxpayers statewide and seniors who rent homes. Additionally, this bill merely masks the underlying cause for rapidly rising property taxes - out of control government spending.

Increasing Property Tax Burdens by Creating a Property Tax Exemption for Certain Older Individuals Which Merely Shifts Burdens onto other Property Owners and Masks Underlying Spending Problems.

This bill exempts property value that is more than a 4% annual increase from property taxes. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill provides broad property tax relief to homeowners. All state and local tax codes should be constructed in a broadly applied manner with the lowest rates possible for everyone.

Providing Property Tax Relief by Exempting Annual Property Value Increases Exceeding 4%.

This bill, the Wyoming Education Savings Accounts Act, contains a major provision which requires taxpayers to fund Pre-K for households whose income is up to 250% of the federal poverty line. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as,. While it is a necessary role for government to provide quality K-12 education - ideally through school choice - taxpayers should not be forced to fund preschool programs. A better school choice bill, HB 166, was introduced later in the session.

Forcing Taxpayers to Fund Prekindergarten Through Inclusion in the Education Savings Account (ESA) Program School Choice Bill.

This bill, the Wyoming Education Savings Accounts Act, allows all students who are eligible to enroll in public K-12 (or at least 4 years old but not yet old enough to attend public school), and whose household income is 500% or less of the federal poverty line, to receive funding for prekindergarten or educational expenses such as tuition at a private school, textbooks, and tutoring. The Governor later line-item vetoed a portion of the bill to reduce the maximum household income to 150% of the federal poverty line. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill improves educational outcomes for all students by fostering competition and a market in education, which encourages schools to provide the best education so they can attract parents to enroll their child and receive the associated funding.

Improving Educational Outcomes by Expanding School Choice Through an Education Savings Account Program.

This bill repeals the certificate of need requirement for nursing care facilities, which prohibited a facility from adding additional beds unless, on average, more than 85% of nursing facility beds within 30 miles were occupied. Support is the Limited Government Position as, while certificate of need laws should be eliminated entirely, this bill slightly reduces anti-competitive regulations which drive-up healthcare costs and reduce the availability of services.

Improving Nursing Care Availability by Slightly Reforming the State's Draconian Certificate of Need Law.

This bill contains a number of provisions designed to strengthen parental rights. Firstly, the bill requires school districts to obtain parental consent for a student to receive instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity. Secondly, it requires parental consent for a student to take any well-being questionnaire or health screenings. Thirdly, school districts are forbidden from enacting any policies which prohibit school personnel from notifying parents of a "student's educational, physical, mental or emotional health or well-being", among other protections, such as access to their child's student health records. Support is the Limited Government Position as strong parental rights in their child's education are a critical element of a free society. This measure ensures children are not subjected to sensitive topics without the consent of parents.

Strengthening the Integrity of the Public Education System by Increasing Parental Rights.

This bill provides that for covenants on residential property, providing day care services for up to 10 children is considered "a residential use of property and is a residential purpose." As a result, covenants, such as homeowner associations, may not restrict or prohibit providing such services. This only applies to covenants adopted on or after July 1, 2024. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is not the proper role of government to interfere in the private contracting agreements between private parties absent cases of fraud or criminal activity. Such covenant arrangements should be made privately, with courts available to solve any breach.

Infringing Private Contracting Rights Through a New Mandate on Residential Covenants Concerning Childcare.

This bill requires a person to be a resident of the state for at least 30 days prior to voting. The bill includes an exception allowing individuals who are otherwise qualified to vote for president and vice president only. Support is the Limited Government Position as maintaining strong safeguards against voter fraud is a critical aspect of ensuring free and fair elections, an essential component of democracy under our nation's constitutional republic.

Strengthening Election Integrity by Requiring Voters to Reside in the State for At Least 30 Days Prior to Voting.

This motion recalls (advances by forcing out of committee) a bill that prohibits outside groups from funding the administration of election operations. The bill is in response to the over $400 million in "Zuckerbucks" and other outside funds that were provided to influence elections across the nation. Support is the Limited Government Position as the private funding of election operations introduces serious concerns over the integrity and fairness of election outcomes, an essential component of democracy under our nation's constitutional republic.

Increasing Election Integrity by Prohibiting the Usage of Private Funds for Election Administration

This bill doubles the number of employees the State Forester may hire for Good Neighbor Authority projects and other federal cooperative projects. The bill authorizes 4 full-time employees (previously 1) and 6 contract employees (previously 4). These positions are funded through federal funds for forest management projects. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill expands bureaucracy and spending through State Forester staff expansion. While federal funds are used for the positions, state and federal lawmakers should privatize and sell federal and state land - including enormous land holdings west of the Mississippi. The private sector is best equipped to manage and maximize land utilization. Further growing government control and ownership of land merely drives up taxpayer costs and leads to further government spending initiatives.

Expanding Government Bureaucracy by Doubling State Forester Staff for Federal Forest Management Projects.

This motion recalls (advances by forcing out of committee) a bill that repeals existing state law that allows the State Health Officer to "subject a person to vaccination or medical treatment without consent" during a public health emergency if a minor's parent or guardian cannot be located and the vaccine or treatment is reasonably needed to protect the public health or protect the minor child from disease, death, disability or suffering. The bill also repeals a similar provision allowing minors 12 or older to consent to a tobacco cessation program. Support is the Limited Government Position as strong parental rights is a critical element of a free society. It is the role of parents - not government bureaucrats - to evaluate the risks and benefits of providing their child a vaccination.

Strengthening Individual Liberties and Parental Rights by Requiring Parental Consent to Administer Vaccinations to Minors During a Public Health Emergency.

This bill establishes a board for the Wyoming Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Trust Account and provides a $6 million biennial appropriation. Funds may be used for grants for purposes such as construction or improvement of "outdoor recreational infrastructure" and for "public access easements", with projects of $200,000 or more requiring legislative approval. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the free-market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - is the best mechanism to ensure resources are invested in the most impactful initiatives that have the greatest returns. Taxpayers should not be forced to fund wasteful and unnecessary initiatives which do not pertain to the core functions of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful and Out-Of-Control Spending Through the Creation of an Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Trust Account Board.

This bill amends the state's Reliable and Dispatchable Low-Carbon Energy Standards, which require a certain percentage of electricity generated by public utility companies to be "dispatchable and reliable low-carbon electricity." Under the bill, "Low-carbon" now requires public utilities to capture at least 75% of baseline carbon dioxide emissions, as well as a minimum total amount. Previously, the standard was a maximum level of carbon dioxide emissions. Existing law allows public utilities to recover the costs of meeting these standards through a fee of up to 2% of a customer's electric bill, and the utilities are allowed to recover the costs before the projects are completed. The bill also delays the date by which the Public Service Commission must set the percentages of "dispatchable and reliable low-carbon electricity" from July 1, 2030 to July 1, 2033. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill unnecessarily drives up electricity costs for families and businesses in order to advance a politicized environmental and climate change agenda and places ratepayers even further on the hook for the enormous cost of the carbon capture technology.

Hiking Electricity Rates by Imposing Carbon Dioxide Capture Requirements on Public Utilities.

This bill increases the maximum amount of electricity a "customer-generator" may produce.. Under the bill, the maximum is increased from 25kW to 750 kW. As a result, businesses, irrigators, and municipalities may produce more power and still be considered a "customer-generator" rather than a public utility (which would result in a substantial number of additional regulations). Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill provides greater freedom in the energy sector and helps ensure affordable electricity rates.

Ensuring Affordable Electricity Rates by Increasing the Cap on Customer-Electricity Generation.

This bill contains a major provision which requires taxpayers to provide matching funds for broadband expansion, which will unlock additional funds under the federal "Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment Program." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the private sector and free market are best equipped to determine where broadband is most needed and which expansion projects are most economically viable. This measure forces taxpayers to enrich woke corporations such as Comcast for infrastructure which may soon be unnecessary due to significant advances in satellite technology from Comcast's competitors, such as Elon Musk's Starlink.

Enriching Comcast and Other Woke Corporations by Forcing Taxpayers to Provide "Broadband Equity" Through a Government Central Planning Scheme.

This bill establishes a tax credit for demolition or repair of vacant or derelict properties. Under the bill, localities may designate properties as abandoned or nuisances if the property has been vacant for at least 6 months or "neglected and contains a significantly deteriorated or deteriorating structure." Localities may designate between 3-10 properties at a time, depending on population. If the owner of the property demolishes the building within 2 years, they are eligible for a tax credit of up to 50% of the expense, or up to 100% of the expense if the building is brought "into substantial compliance with applicable codes." If another person purchases such a property and demolishes or repairs it within 5 years, they are eligible for a tax credit of up to 100% of the expenses. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill incentivizes poor property maintenance and socializes the costs onto taxpayers. Instead of growing government central planning, lawmakers should work to incentivize the private sector to rehabilitate properties by reducing excessive building regulations, reforming zoning laws, and reducing crime in communities.

Growing Government Central Planning and Forcing Taxpayers to Subsidize Demolition or Repair of Blighted Properties Through Tax Credits for Expenses.

This bill requires social media companies to obtain authorization from a parent or guardian before allowing an individual under age 18 from opening an account. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as, while the intent of this bill is noble, it is the role of parents - not politicians - to oversee their children's social media usage. This bill expands the nanny state by imposing new regulations on private companies.

Expanding Government Overreach by Imposing New Mandates on Social Media Companies Concerning Parental Authorization for Account Openings by Individuals Under Age 18.

This bill requires a school district to submit a statement explaining why it did not adopt rules allowing employees with a concealed carry permit to carry a firearm on school property. Under existing state law, school districts may, but are not required to, adopt such rules. The bill also appropriates $100,000 "to promote school districts' authority to allow possession of firearms by school district employees." Support is the Limited Government Position as this measure encourages school districts to strengthen school security by improving the ability of teachers and other employees to protect students and themselves.

Strengthening School Safety by Requiring School Districts to Explain the Reasons for Not Adopting Rules Allowing Employees to Conceal Carry on School Property.

This bill repeals the 3-year excise tax exemption for electricity produced by wind turbines. Projects that produced electricity prior to the bill may continue to receive the tax exemption. Support is the Limited Government Position as all state and local tax codes should be constructed in a broadly applied manner with the lowest rates possible for everyone.

Repealing the Crony Tax Exemption Provided to Government-Favored Wind Energy Projects.

This bill increases the award amount for merit and need based Hathaway scholarships by approximately 5%. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is a necessary role for government to provide quality K-12 education - ideally through school choice. College and university-level education should be funded through user fees (i.e., tuition) by those who wish to pursue their selected career path. These enormous costs should not be imposed on individuals who elect to pursue activities other than higher education, such as those who start their own businesses or work in the trades.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Increasing Hathaway Scholarship Award Amounts.

This bill would allow online casinos to operate in the state. The bill imposes a 10% tax on revenue, with the first $300,000 each fiscal year allocated to "county health programs to prevent and treat problematic gambling behavior." Support is the Limited Government Position as individuals - not bureaucrats - should have decision rights over how to utilize the fruits of their labor - even when it comes to risky endeavors such as betting. This measure also helps eliminate the financial fraud and other significant societal harm that the current black market in gambling presents, while allowing the state to generate additional revenue.

Strengthening Individual Liberties and Growing the Tax Base by Allowing Online Casinos to Operate in the State.

This bill establishes "federal review" standing committees in both chambers of the state legislature to review federal actions to ensure the sovereignty of the state and the "powers, rights and liberties of its citizens" are not being "infringed upon or diminished." This includes federal laws, regulations, executive orders, and any other federal actions with the force of law. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill provides a crucial safeguard to ensure states' rights and individual liberties are not violated through unconstitutional federal actions. It is not the role for any level of government to unduly infringe the rights of individuals, and ensuring protections against federal overreach is vital to protecting individual liberties under the U.S. Constitution.

Combatting Federal Overreach Through the Establishment of "Federal Review" Committees to Ensure Federal Actions Don't Violate State Sovereignty or Individual Liberties.

This bill appropriates $2.035 million to the Wyoming Public Television matching funds account and $1.905 million to the State Fair endowment account (or enough to bring the balance of each fund to $5 million, whichever is less). Oppose is the Limited Government Position as public television and state fairs are not core nor necessary functions of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful and Out-Of-Control Spending by Appropriating Up to $3.94 Million for Public Television and the State Fair.

This bill, the Wyoming Voluntary Paid Family and Medical Leave Insurance Act, establishes a state-run paid family and medical leave program that provides 60% pay for up to 12 weeks every 12 months. This can be used for events such as the birth or adoption of a child or a serious health condition. The program is implemented in three phases. By March 1, 2025, all state employees will be eligible for the program. By March 1, 2026, private employers with at least 2 employees can offer paid leave to their employees through the program. By March 1, 2027, all private employees whose employers do not offer paid leave will be eligible for the program "through an individual purchasing pool." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is the role of the private sector - not government - to offer and manage paid leave programs.

Expanding the Size and Role of Government Through a New State-Run Paid Leave Program.

This bill subjects federal political action committees to Wyoming's election reporting requirements if they are supporting state or local candidates. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as not only do these additional reporting requirements create additional burdens for entities exercising their First Amendment Rights, but also have the potential to hinder certain actions due to intimidation resulting from the reporting.

Weakening Free Speech by Imposing Additional Reporting Mandates on Federal Political Action Committees Supporting State and Local Candidates.

This vote approves a package of amendments (JC001) to the appropriations bill. The package of amendments increase spending across a multitude of initiatives surrounding tourism, community centers, government housing, a shooting complex and higher education scholarships. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these spending initiatives go directly against the principles of fiscal restraint and limited government. Instead of increasing the size and role of government, lawmakers should work to slash every unnecessary expenditure across every level of government in order to provide Wyoming's much needed tax relief - especially property tax relief.

Fueling Out-of-Control Spending by Adding Multiple Unnecessary Spending Initiatives to the Appropriations Bill Ranging from Tourism to Government Housing.

The Larson amendment #H2007 to the appropriations bill. This amendment increases spending on the Wyoming Cultural Trust Fund by $6 million. The trust fund provides grants to non-profit organizations and government agencies for arts and culture projects such as performing arts, crafts, and "cultural tourism." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these spending initiatives go directly against the principles of fiscal restraint and limited government. Instead of increasing the size and role of government, lawmakers should work to slash every unnecessary expenditure across every level of government in order to provide Wyoming's much needed tax relief - especially property tax relief.

Fueling Out-of-Control Spending by Increasing Funding for the Wyoming Cultural Trust Fund by $6 Million in the Appropriations Bill.

The Northrup amendment #H2052 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates $15 million to the Office of State Lands and Investments to provide grants to local governments for infrastructure to "support unmet affordable housing needs." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these spending initiatives go directly against the principles of fiscal restraint and limited government. Instead of growing government and central planning, lawmakers should empower the free market to make housing truly "affordable" by reducing stringent zoning regulations which significantly drive-up housing costs.

Fueling Out-of-Control Spending by Adding $15 Million for Affordable Housing Grants in the Appropriations Bill.

The Provenza amendment #H3026 to the appropriations bill. This amendment increases reimbursement rates to providers of "long-acting reversible contraception services" under the state's Medicaid welfare program, as well as hikes spending to conduct "targeted outreach efforts to increase long-acting reversible contraception use." Furthermore, the bill directs the state to seek a federal waiver to expand eligibility for family planning benefits under Medicaid. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these spending initiatives go against the principles of fiscal restraint and limited government, while further trapping individuals into government dependency and growing the welfare state. Measures such as this further trap individuals into government dependency by growing benefits under the government welfare state. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Forcing Taxpayers to Increase Funding for Contraceptives, Market Their Usage and Seek Funding to Expand Family Planning Benefits Under the Medicaid Welfare Program.

The Northrup amendment #H3037 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates an additional $3.5 million to community colleges to provide "inflation relief" concerning higher operational costs. This is in addition to the more than $20 million in state and federal funds already appropriated in the bill for "inflation relief" to executive branch agencies, community colleges, and the University of Wyoming. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it should be taxpayers who are the ones receiving "inflation relief" through reduced taxation and lower government spending. Furthermore, taxpayers should not be forced to pay for college and university operational costs in the first place. Such actions have led to the creation of countless worthless degree programs and administration waste which are born at the expense of individuals who chose to enter the trades or business and not pursue a degree. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-of-Control Spending by Channeling Another $3.5 Million in Taxpayer Funds to Community Colleges for "Inflation Relief".

This bill extends, for an additional two years, the Wyoming Telecommunications Act, which regulates the telecommunications industry in the state, including price caps and rate subsidies for certain customers. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this outdated bureaucracy was created in 1995, prior to wide-spread usage of mobile phones and the internet. It is not the proper role of government to continue to interfere and drive up costs in the private telecommunications market.

Extending an Outdated Regulatory Bureaucracy by Reauthorizing the Wyoming Telecommunications Act.

This bill extends the duration of postpartum coverage provided under Medicaid or the Child Health Insurance Plan (government-provided healthcare programs) from 60 days to 1 year. This extension is in effect through March 2027 as part of the federal American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further grows government-provided healthcare and dependency while also placing significant additional costs on both state and federal taxpayers. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Increasing Government Dependency by Expanding Medicaid Postpartum Coverage from 60 Days to an Entire Year.

This bill expands eligibility under the Wyoming Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention Program, a state-funded program which provides reimbursements for colonoscopies. Under prior law, eligibility for the program was restricted to individuals age 50 or older and who were not eligible for Medicare. This bill now provides eligibility to anyone who meets "appropriate age requirements in accordance with national evidence based recommendations" and is uninsured or underinsured. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further traps individuals into government dependency by growing benefits under the government welfare state. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Growing Government Dependency by Further Expanding Eligibility Under the Taxpayer-Funded Wyoming Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention Program.

This bill implements reforms to the state's liquor licensing system to allow localities to issue liquor licenses to a greater number of bars and grills starting on July 1, 2023, and completely eliminating caps on license issuance by 2033. Additionally, the bill makes more entities - such as bowling alleys and other entertainment establishes - eligible for licenses. Support is the Limited Government Position as government central planning mechanisms such as the existing licensing regime restrict competition and infringe the individual liberties of businesses and consumers.

Expanding Consumer Choice by Phasing-out the State's Anti-Competitive Limit on Local Bar and Grill Liquor Licenses.

This bill establishes new requirements on financial institutions, (including banks, credit unions and investment advisors) to assess and provide reports to the Department of Family Services on cases of potential financial exploitation of the elderly or individuals with disabilities. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as while well-intended, this measure imposes significant new financial costs and risks onto lending institutions. If lawmakers believe greater actions on this matter are necessary, such costs should be borne by society as a whole and not imposed solely on financial institutions.

Imposing New Unfunded Mandates on Private Financial Institutions Concerning Financial Exploitation Assessment of Vulnerable Adults.

This bill transfers over $100 million from the Legislative Stabilization Reserve Fund (rainy-day account) to the Wyoming's Tomorrow Scholarship Endowment Fund and expenditure account. This fund provides each adult who attends an institution of higher education with up to $7,200 in subsidies. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this measure leads to higher taxation on Wyomingites as the state will no longer receive interest revenue on the monies within the rainy-day fund. Furthermore, this wealth redistribution scheme enriches adults who choose to pursue a college degree at the expense of other individuals who may pursue the trades or other careers which do not require a degree. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Raiding the State's Rainy-Day Fund to Provide Even Greater Taxpayer Subsidies to Adults Who Choose to Attend a College and University.

This bill exempts daycare facilities which care for 10 or fewer children over the age of four, and operate 10 or less hours per a week from having to abide by additional regulations and certification by the Department of Family Services. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill helps provide parents with more affordable childcare options by protecting against regulatory overreach.

Reducing Costs and Barriers for Childcare by Exempting Part-Time Day-Care Facilities from Additional Regulations and Certification if they Oversee 10 or Fewer Children.

This bill expands coverage under Medicaid (government-provided healthcare) to now include services provided by podiatrists, if a referral was provided by a physician, physician assistant, or advance practice registered nurse. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further traps individuals into government dependency by growing benefits under the government welfare state. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Growing Government Dependency by Expanding the Medicaid Welfare Program to Now Cover Services Provided by Podiatrists.

This bill expands the prohibition for entering private property without permission for hunting or fishing to include "travel through or return across" the property. Support is the Limited Government Position as protection of private property is one of the highest duties of government and an essential component of maintaining a free and prosperous society.

Strengthening Property Rights by Expanding Protections Against Trespassing on Private Land While Hunting.

This bill doubles the percentage of permit fee revenue (30% to 60%) that may be spent on outdoor recreation areas and facilities operated by the Department of State Parks and Cultural Resources without obtaining legislative approval. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill empowers unaccountable bureaucrats to expend an even greater amount of funds on initiatives such as government recreation facilities which are not a core need or function of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful Spending and Weakening Government Integrity by Authorizing a Greater Amount of State Park Permit Fee Revenue to be Spent without Legislative Oversight.

This bill directs the Wyoming Division of Banking to create new rules and regulations concerning the collection, use and disclosure of customer data through "open banking," or the whereby banks interact with third-party applications such as Venmo and PayPal. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the federal government already imposes a draconian regulatory regime on the banking and financial sector, and lawmakers should not further worsen the landscape by empowering unaccountable state bureaucrats to impose even greater layers of costly regulations.    allows banks to participate in "open banking," whereby customer data is provided to third-parties such as "fintech" companies for financial services, provided the customer consents to their data being shared.

Imposing a Series of New Overreaching Regulations on the Banking Sector Pertaining to Third-Party Apps Such as PayPal and Venmo.

This bill allows parents to collaborate with other parents on home schooling their children by removing the requirement that education provided under a "home-based educational program" be limited to one family unit. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill allows parents to work together to improve the educational quality of their children and removes a barrier which may have prevented families from pursuing home schooling.

Reducing a Barrier to Home Schooling by Allowing "Collaborative Home-Based Education".

This bill, known as the "Wyoming Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Trust Fund Act," establishes a trust fund with $6 million in initial funding. The funds are expected to be utilized as grants to outdoor recreation projects as part of an effort to increase government spending within the tourism industry. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the free-market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - is the best mechanism to ensure resources are invested in the most impactful initiatives that have the greatest returns. Taxpayers should not be forced to fund wasteful and unnecessary initiatives which do not pertain to the core functions of government. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful and Out-Of-Control Spending through the Creation of an Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Trust Fund Including $6 Million in Taxpayer Funds.

This bill increases the threshold from $200,000 to $400,000 for which projects funded by the Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust require legislative approval. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill reduces government accountability by providing employees who are unaccountable to voters with the ability to authorize larger expenditures without proper oversight. This type of authority can lead to misuse of funds and cronyism.

Weakening Government Integrity by Decreasing Legislative Oversight of Projects Funded Under the Wyoming Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust Fund.

This bill prohibits local governments from enacting ordinances which ban or unduly restrict an individual from using a working animal in lawful commerce or an animal enterprise, including hunting, ranching, transportation, or tourism. Support is the Limited Government Position as while there is a role for government to combat animal abuse, individuals who humanely treat animals should not be barred from offering horse-drawn carriage rides or other commercial services which involve animals.

Combatting Government Overreach by Preventing Localities from Enacting any Bans on "Working Animals" such as Horse-Drawn Carriage Rides.

This bill further expands eligibility for a property tax refund program which pays for up to 50% of certain homeowners' property tax bills. Specifically, the bill raises eligibility for the payment from 75% to 125% of the medium household income of a county. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this wealth redistribution scheme merely shifts tax burdens to other taxpayers and fails to address the underlying cause of skyrocketing property tax rates - the wasteful and out-of-control government spending as highlighted throughout this report.

Worsening Wealth Redistribution by Expanding a Program which Provides Select Homeowners with Property Tax Refunds Based on Income.

This bill expands the ability of individuals to sell homemade food and dairy products, as well as home-raised eggs in retail and other locations without having to obtain all the licensing and inspection requirements established by the Wyoming Department of Agriculture. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill strengthens individual liberties and the ability of consumer to purchase a greater range of products at farmer's markets and other locations across the state.

Expanding Food Freedom and Consumer Choice by Reducing Restrictions on Sales of Certain Homemade Food Products and Home-raised Eggs.

This bill is designed to combat "crossover voting" in which voters of one party change their party affiliation to vote in the other party's primary, with the intention that a less viable or principled candidate is nominated. Specifically, the bill restricts voters from changing their party affiliation within 96 days of a primary election. Support is the Limited Government Position as this reform strengthens election integrity by ensuring members of each political party are able to nominate their preferred candidate without interference from political operatives in an opposing party.

Strengthening Election Integrity by Preventing Individuals From Engaging in "Crossover Voting" and Rigging Primaries.

This bill allows the use of artificial lighting, such as thermal and infrared imaging, when hunting coyotes and other predatory animals on public lands. Previously this practice was only permitted on private land. Support is the Limited Government Position as government should not unduly infringe the right to responsibly and humanely hunt and fish, and this measure helps property owners better protect their livestock from a significant threat.

Protecting Livestock by Authorizing the Usage of Artificial Lighting to Hunt Coyotes and Predatory Animals on Public Lands.

This bill reinstates a moratorium prohibiting the use of eminent domain to seize property for the use of wind energy collection systems, except by public utilities. This moratorium expired in 2015, and this bill would reinstate the prohibition through June 2032. Support is the Limited Government Position as maintaining strong property right protections is an essential component of ensuring a free and prosperous society. Eminent domain should only be utilized as a measure of last resort and for cases of significant general societal benefit - certainly not to enrich private wind energy companies.

Strengthening Property Rights by Reinstating a Moratorium on the Use of Eminent Domain to Seize Property for Wind Energy Collector Systems.

This bill appropriates more than $5.5 million in funds within the Wyoming Natural Resource Trust Fund for 9 projects. Over a third of these projects surround removing residential development rights on approximately 6,300 acres of land. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the private sector is best equipped to manage and maximize land utilization - including for conservation purposes. Measures such as this merely drive-up taxpayer costs and oftentimes lead to even greater government spending surrounding usage and preservation of the conserved land. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful Spending by Appropriating Funds within the Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust Fund for Unnecessary Initiatives Including the Removal of Residential Development Rights.

This bill makes a fifth and any subsequent conviction for theft, shoplifting, or similar offenses, a felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison and/or a fine of up to $10,000. Support is the Limited Government Position as upholding law and order and ensuring public safety serve as essential functions of government. This bill is especially necessary considering the implementation of so-called criminal justice "reforms" which have led to skyrocketing crime rates and are being advanced in state legislatures by left-leaning billionaires through their funding of liberal - and even some conservative - advocacy organizations.

Strengthening Public Safety and Property Rights by Making the 5th Conviction for Theft a Felony.

This bill provides firearms manufacturers and retailers immunity from liability for any crimes or damages caused through the purchaser's usage of the firearm, as long as the sale did not violate state or federal law. Support is the Limited Government Position as James Madison and our nation's other founding fathers understood that the right to keep and bear arms is a crucial individual liberty and protects the citizenry against a tyrannical government. This measure helps protect the Second Amendment by ensuring firearm manufacturers and retailers are not driven out of business through costly frivolous litigation.

Protecting Firearm Manufacturers from Frivolous Litigation by Providing Immunity from Any Crimes Committed through a Purchaser's Usage of the Firearm.

This bill provides greater legal clarity to ensure doctors can prescribe certain off-label drugs, and pharmacists can fill prescriptions without facing any disciplinary actions from the state's professional and occupational licensing boards. The bill is in response to do physicians prescribing hydroxychloroquine sulfate and ivermectin to treat COVID-19 infections. Support is the Limited Government Position as there have been countless reported cases of hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin being effective in treating COVID-19, even though they haven't been approved by the FDA. Additionally, considering the low level of associated risks and side effects of the drugs within this measure, patients and their doctors should have the freedom to make their own medical decisions.  Unfortunately, this bill only serves as a step in the right direction as it contains a negative provision which infringes the contracting rights of private companies to set their own policies concerning their employees' drug prescribing and dispensing of off-label drugs.

Strengthening Medical Freedom by Preventing Licensing Boards from Taking Actions Against Doctors for Prescribing Off-Label Drugs to Treat Conditions Such as COVID-19.

This bill, known as the "Wyoming Stable Token Act," establishes a commission to develop and issue "Wyoming stable tokens," a virtual currency redeemable for 1 U.S. Dollar. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the creation of federally or state-controlled currencies serve as an existential threat to individual liberties and privacy and will further grow government control over the economy. The Fed has already placed the U.S. dollar in dire jeopardy of destruction through its reckless quantitative easing and expansionary practices.

Advancing the Growth of the Government Surveillance State and Even Greater Control Over Money by Studying the Creation of a Wyoming Virtual Currency.

This bill establishes the Wyoming Private Employees' Retirement Savings Task Force to recommend the implementation of a state-run retirement program which private companies would be required to enroll their employees into. The bill also provides $70,000 in funding to the task force. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is not the proper role of government to seize control over the retirement system of the private sector - which is typically only introduced legislatively in far-left states - not a state under a Republican supermajority. The private sector and businesses are best equipped to determine and implement their own retirement plans.

Advancing a Government Take-Over of the Private Sector Retirement System through the Establishment of a Task Force to Mandate Retirement Plans.

This bill limits the distribution of unsolicited absentee ballot request forms to only county clerks and the Secretary of State unless a voter specifically requests one, preventing individuals and third-party groups from distributing the forms unless specifically requested. The bill is in response to actions taken by Liz Cheney's 2022 campaign which sent a mailer which included the phrase "official election documents enclosed". Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill helps reduce deception by political campaigns. Measures such as this are critical to ensuring free and fair elections, an essential component of democracy under our nation's constitutional republic.

Reducing Deception by Political Campaigns through a Limitation on the Distribution of Unsolicited Absentee Ballot Request Forms.

This bill expands the Wyoming Teacher Shortage Loan Repayment Program, which authorizes the Wyoming Community College Commission to cover up to the cost of attendance for individuals enrolled in certain teaching programs at the University of Wyoming, through a loan that doesn't need to be repaid if the recipient teaches in the state after graduation and meets certain requirements. Under the bill, the program is expanded to include all teacher certifications (previously only special education, math, science, or world language certifications), or teaching endorsements (previously only reading or English as a second language). Students receiving a loan based on teacher certification must be at least a junior. The bill also eliminates the requirement that loan recipients teach at least 50% of the time in the above subject areas after graduation. Finally, the bill appropriates $2 million for the program. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the free market - not central planning by government bureaucrats - is the best mechanism to determine the need and distribution of teachers across the state. These enormous costs should not be imposed on individuals who elect to pursue activities other than higher education, such as those who start their own businesses or work in the trades. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Increasing Wealth Redistribution by Expanding the Teacher Student Loan Repayment Program.

This bill establishes a new severance tax on hydrogen production. Under the bill, hydrogen produced from water is taxed at either 3% or 6%, depending on the water used. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as all state and local tax codes should be constructed in a broadly applied manner with the lowest rates possible for everyone. This bill will drive-up energy production costs and reduce investment in hydrogen production in the state.

Driving Up Hydrogen Energy Production Costs Through a New Severance Tax.

This bill appropriates $2.15 million for three wildlife and natural resource projects. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the private sector is best equipped to manage and maximize land utilization - including for conservation purposes. Measures such as this merely drive-up taxpayer costs and oftentimes lead to even greater government spending surrounding usage and preservation of the conserved land. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Appropriating $2.15 Million for Three Wildlife and Natural Resource Projects.

This bill, the Wyoming Repeal Gun Free Zones Act, repeals most "gun-free zones" in the state by allowing individuals with a concealed carry permit to possess a firearm in public schools, including colleges and universities, and other locations. Support is the Limited Government Position as "gun free zones" do not protect communities, rather they place individuals in defenseless positions against criminals who do not abide by the law.

Strengthening Self-Defense and Second Amendment Rights by Repealing "Gun-Free Zones".

The Sommers amendment #H2002 to the Wyoming Repeal Gun Free Zones Act. This amendment adds language to provisions that allow individuals with a concealed carry permit to possess a firearm in public schools, including colleges and universities, and other locations. Under the amendment, this is only allowed if the school authorizes concealed carry. The amendment also adds language providing that schools are not prevented "from prohibiting or restricting the carrying of firearms, including the carrying of concealed weapons" on school property. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this amendment provides schools and universities much greater ability to place additional regulations on firearms.

Weakening Self-Defense and Second Amendment Rights by Undermining the Bill Repealing Most Gun-Free Zones.

This bill, the biennial appropriations bill, enacts the budget for fiscal years 2025-2026. As passed by the legislature, the budget includes over $11 billion in appropriations and transfers and 7,149 full-time employees. Most notably, the budget appropriates over $2.2 billion for the Department of Health and over $771.9 million for the Community College Commission and the University of Wyoming. Other provisions in the bill include $2.5 million for matching funds for "economic development and community assistance" if a public airport is selected for the National Championship Air Races, $17 million to the University of Wyoming "for demonstrations of coal solvent extraction and a coal-derived asphalt road" and $1 million "to increase the library collections' biennial budget." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Enacting an $11 Billion Budget - the Largest in State History with Significant Waste.

The Northrup amendment #H2016 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates an additional $4 million to the Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust for "preservation of open spaces by purchase or acquisition of development rights" and "conservation, maintenance, protection and development of Wyoming farmlands and natural resources". Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the private sector is best equipped to manage and maximize land utilization - including for conservation purposes. Measures such as this merely drive-up taxpayer costs and oftentimes lead to even greater government spending surrounding usage and preservation of the conserved land. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful Spending by Providing an Additional $4 Million in Funding for the Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust for Unnecessary Conservation Initiatives.

The Provenza amendment #H2017 to the appropriations bill. This amendment directs the state to seek a federal waiver to expand eligibility for family planning benefits under the state's Medicaid welfare program to individuals who are under 45 and have an income of less than 100% of the federal poverty level. The amendment also hikes spending to conduct "targeted outreach efforts to increase long-acting reversible contraception use." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as these spending initiatives go against the principles of fiscal restraint and limited government, while further trapping individuals into government dependency and growing the welfare state. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Increasing Government Dependency through Expanded Family Planning Benefits Under the Medicaid Welfare Program and Forcing Taxpayers to Fund Marketing to Increase Contraceptive Usage.

The Davis amendment #H2026 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates an additional $2.5 million to the University of Wyoming for matching funds "for support for excellence in research, education and extension in ranch and rangeland management, agronomy and soil science." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as it is not the role of the private sector - not government - to fund  soil and agriculture research. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Wasteful Spending by Subsidizing Agriculture Research Through an Additional $2.5 Million to the University of Wyoming.

The Larsen amendment #H2034 to the appropriations bill. This amendment requires taxpayers to provide $25 million in matching funds for broadband expansion, which will unlock additional funds under the federal "Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment Program." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the private sector and free market are best equipped to determine where broadband is most needed and which expansion projects are most economically viable. This measure forces taxpayers to enrich woke corporations such as Comcast for infrastructure which may soon be unnecessary due to significant advances in satellite technology from Comcast's competitors such as Elon Musk's Starlink.

The Henderson amendment #H2044 to the appropriations bill. This amendment appropriates over $7.3 million to provide a one-time payment to most state retirees receiving a retirement or pension who began receiving benefits before July 1, 2023. The payment is equal to 1% of the individual's annual benefit amount. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this provides an additional benefit to retirees which was not contracted for. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Providing $7.3 Million in Unpromised Payouts to Pension Beneficiaries.

This bill, the Property Tax Reduction and Replacement Act, exempts $1 million in property value from property taxes (covering 97% of properties), until at least July 1, 2034. The decreased revenue is replaced by increasing the sales and use tax from 4% to 6%. According to the bill's fiscal note, this is estimated to decrease property taxes by $231.9 million in 2024, $460.3 million in 2025, and $474.1 million in 2026. Support is the Limited Government Position as this pro-growth taxation change encourages investment and more equitably distributes tax burdens.

Enacting Pro-Growth Tax Reform by Decreasing Property Taxes and Replacing with an Increased Sales and Use Tax.

This bill expands existing law that allows the legislature to bring certain legal challenges. Under the bill, the legislature may now challenge "federal acts including federal purchases of land within the state." The bill allows the legislative management council to borrow up to $75 million from the Legislative Stabilization Reserve Account for the legal challenges. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill provides the authority to challenge overreaching federal actions. While the bill allows the legislature to spend significant funds from the rainy-day fund, the bill contains repayment provisions designed to protect taxpayers.

Protecting Wyoming Residents from Federal Government Overreach by Authorizing the Legislature to Bring Legal Challenges to Federal Actions.

This bill requires that the Public Service Commission, when determining electric utility rates for interstate utilities, exclude system costs that do not benefit Wyoming residents, such as proportional costs for facilities that primarily benefit other states, and certain other costs. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill protects against higher electric utility rates by ensuring Wyoming residents are not forced to pay for costs that benefit customers in other states.

Protecting Wyoming Residents from Higher Electric Utility Rates by Excluding System Costs from Recovery that Do Not Benefit Wyoming Residents.

This bill exempts the Division of Banking from the state's compensation plan established by the Human Resources Division, which applies to all executive branch employees except the University of Wyoming and community colleges. The bill instead allows the State Banking Commissioner to set the salaries for the division's employees. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this special exemption reduces accountability and oversight and paves the way for lavish salaries.

Reducing Accountability and Paving the Way for Lavish Government Salaries Through a Special Salary Exemption for Division of Banking Employees.

This bill creates a new program to provide one set of hearing aids every five years to individuals 18 or older with a family income of 200% or less of the federal poverty line, and who are not eligible to receive hearing aids through private insurance, Medicaid, or Medicare. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further traps individuals into government dependency by growing benefits under the government welfare state. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Growing Government Dependency Through a New Welfare Program to Provide Free Hearing Aids.

This motion overrides the Governor's veto of a bill that authorizes school district-approved charter schools to operate as a local education agency for purposes of applying for state and federal grants. The bill also requires school districts to include charter schools within the district when distributing funds based on attendance. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill improves educational outcomes for all students by fostering competition and a market in education, which encourages schools to provide the best education so they can attract parents to enroll their child and receive the associated funding.

Improving Educational Outcomes and Expanding School Choice by Making it Easier for Charter Schools to Apply for Grants.

This bill amends the Wyoming Food Freedom Act to allow the sale of certain uninspected meat products. This includes meat from cattle, sheep, swine, and goats, and the animals must be raised in the state and slaughtered on the producer's property or at a "custom slaughter facility" (facilities with no state or federal inspector). The products may only be sold directly to consumers and must include a warning that the meat was not inspected. Such sales are currently prohibited under federal law, so this would only take effect if the federal law were changed, or a court strikes down the prohibition. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill increases food freedom and consumer choice by allowing producers to sell their products directly to consumers without government inspection.

Increasing Food Freedom by Allowing the Sale of Certain Uninspected Meat Products if Allowed Under Federal Law.

This bill makes it illegal to sell nicotine dispensing devices, such as vaping products and e-cigarettes, that are not listed on the state directory. The ban begins either February 1, 2026 or when the directory is publicly available, whichever is later. To be included in the directory, a product must be authorized or pending review by the FDA. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill infringes individual liberties and expands government overreach through a one-size-fits-all government mandate. The bill provides an advantage to big tobacco companies and is expected to drive countless small vape shops out of business.

Expanding Government Overreach and Infringing Individual Liberties by Prohibiting the Sale of Nicotine Dispensing Devices Not Authorized by the FDA.

This bill, the Prohibit Red Flag Gun Seizure Act, prohibits the state and local governments from enacting or enforcing a "red flag gun seizure order," which allows a court to issue an order authorizing a firearm seizure based on an "ex-parte" (one-sided) petition that alleges the firearms owner is a danger to themselves or others. Support is the Limited Government Position as the one-sided petition violates due process under the law (an individual can't provide their defense) and these programs often lack provisions that prevent nefarious individuals from abusing the system to harass or harm law-abiding individuals, thus unduly infringing their Second Amendment protections and leaving them defenseless.

Blocking the Seizure of Firearms without Due Process by Prohibiting "Red Flag" Laws.

This motion recalls (advances by forcing out of committee) a bill that authorizes non-school district entities to operate 3 additional charter schools starting July 1, 2024 (previously 1 additional charter school starting July 1, 2026). Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill improves educational outcomes for all students by fostering competition and a market in education, which encourages schools to provide the best education so they can attract parents to enroll their child and receive the associated funding.

Improving Educational Outcomes and Expanding School Choice by Authorizing Additional Charter Schools.

This motion recalls (advances by forcing out of committee) a bill that provides that driver's licenses issued by a state to illegal immigrants are invalid in Wyoming. This includes both special driver's licenses issued only to illegal immigrants, as well as driver's licenses that indicate the person did not provide proof of legal residence. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill helps deter illegal immigration, which places an immense strain on U.S. infrastructure and taxpayer resources, ranging from welfare to the education system, while also creating serious national security and human trafficking issues. Lawmakers should focus on growing the U.S. economy through reforms to the immigration system that both increase the number of skilled individuals who may enter and work in our country and reduce human trafficking across our borders.

Strengthening National Security by Providing that Driver's Licenses Issued by Other States to Illegal Immigrants are Invalid.

This bill expands eligibility for the state property tax credit by increasing the maximum income threshold, from 125% of the median gross household income for the county, to 165%. Individuals with an income over 125% are eligible for a reduced percentage of the credit. The bill also applies to counties that adopt an optional property tax refund. Support is the Limited Government Position as all state and local tax codes should be constructed in a broadly applied manner with the lowest rates possible for everyone.

Providing Property Tax Relief by Expanding the Property Tax Credit Maximum Income Threshold.

This bill allows the Department of Health to increase its budget request if "compensation to state public health nursing employees is increased." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill further grows government spending. Rather than request budget increases, the department should reduce unnecessary spending elsewhere. The state must pursue every available avenue to rein in its out-of-control spending, which, when coupled with the over $185 trillion in federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Fueling Out-Of-Control Spending by Authorizing the Department of Health to Request Budget Increases for Nurse Compensation Rather than Reduce Unnecessary Spending.

This bill expands the scope of capital construction projects by adding "major maintenance" and "alteration or enlargement" to the definition. As a result, state funds for projects through the State Construction Department may be used for a larger number of projects for state and college properties. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as this bill increases taxpayer costs by expanding taxpayer-funded state construction projects, as the State Construction Department makes funding recommends.

Increasing Taxpayer-Funded State Construction Projects by Expanding the Scope of Capital Construction Projects.

This bill requires all health insurance policies offered in the state that provide mental health and substance use disorder benefits to provide reimbursement for benefits delivered through the psychiatric "Collaborative Care Model." Oppose is the Limited Government Position as each and every health insurance mandate or price control on co-payments prevents an individual from selecting a plan with just basic or customized coverages to fit their specific needs. As a result, health insurers are forced to only offer costly plans loaded with coverages that most individuals do not need. This can result in lower-income or younger individuals choosing to purchase no insurance plan at all due to the high cost.

Increasing Health Insurance Premiums by Mandating All Policies Provide Reimbursement for Services Under the "Psychiatric Collaborative Care Model".

This bill expands the permitted uses of revenue collected from local property tax levies to now include expansions, renovations, and upgrades to senior "affordable" housing facilities. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as any extra revenue received by the state should be utilized to reduce property tax rates for all Wyomingites. Further expanding wealth redistribution schemes merely grow and incentivize government dependency while making housing unaffordable for all Wyomingites. The state must pursue every available avenue to reign in its out-of-control spending, as, when coupled with the over $185 trillion federal liabilities, represents the greatest existential threat facing this country.

Advancing Property Tax Hikes and Wealth Redistribution by Growing Government to Pay for Senior Housing Expansions and Upgrades.

This bill prohibits government construction-related contracts from containing any language that requires a contractor to enter into agreements with a union, such as the utilization of project labor agreements. Additionally, the bill prohibits governmental entities from discriminating against contractors in the procurement process for not being affiliated with a labor organization. Support is the Limited Government Position as all government contracting agreements and procurement should be based on providing the best value and quality for taxpayers. Mandates requiring usage of project labor agreements or the prevailing wage needlessly drive-up taxpayer costs by imposing significant additional costs onto government contractors.

Protecting Taxpayers by Prohibiting Pro-Union Mandates and Requirements from Being Incorporated into Government Contracts.

This bill provides additional clarity to the Wyoming Freedom of Firearms Act originally passed in 2010. Specifically, the bill closes a loophole that could potentially allow a locality to impose additional regulations on firearms if the firearm or accessory was manufactured within Wyoming. Support is the Limited Government Position as James Madison and our nation's other founding fathers understood that the right to keep and bear arms is a crucial individual liberty and protects the citizenry against a tyrannical government. This measure provides an additional layer of protection for individuals to exercise their Second Amendment rights.

Protecting Second Amendment Rights by Preventing Localities from Imposing Additional Regulations on Firearms through a Loophole Under Existing Law.

This bill imposes a series of new regulations on Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs). For example, PBMs are restricted from charging certain fees, utilizing "spread pricing" models," or utilizing certain reimbursement practices. Oppose is the Limited Government Position as the nation witnessed first-hand the disastrous consequences and cost of growing government regulatory power in healthcare (i.e. Obamacare). Instead of working to promote a freer market through regulatory reduction, lawmakers added a series of new layers of regulations through this measure, including utilizing government to provide local pharmacies with more favorable outcomes in their private contract negotiations with PBMs.

Growing Government Regulatory Power within the Pharmaceutical Industry by Imposing a Series of New Mandates on Pharmacy Benefit Managers.

This bill requires each county clerk to conduct a post-election audit after each election, prior to the results being certified. Additionally, the bill requires all electronic voting systems to utilize an "air gap," or a security measure where systems are physically isolated from the internet. Finally, the bill strengthens requirements for transporting ballots. Support is the Limited Government Position as maintaining safeguards to prevent voter fraud are critical aspects of ensuring free and fair elections, an essential component of democracy under our nation's constitutional republic.

Strengthening Election Integrity by Requiring Election Audits and Other Reforms to Voting Systems.

This bill provides owners of vehicles that are 20 years of age or older the option to purchase a permanent vehicle registration, which allows them to avoid having to annually renew their tags. Support is the Limited Government Position as this bill helps advance "automotive freedom" by reducing regulatory burdens for classic car enthusiasts to own and enjoy their vehicles.

Year
2024	20.00	0.00	50.00	33.33	54.55	42.86	0.00	66.67	5.36	0.00
2023	33.33	0.00	90.00	0.00	100.00	58.33	100.00	50.00	10.00	50.00

Year	Score	Role	Party	Dist.
2024	17.76	Rep	R	25
2023	40.51	Rep	R	25

David Northrup

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